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Ear drops are a form of medicine used to help treat or prevent ear infections, especially infections of the outer ear and ear canal (otitis externa). It is also used to help remove ear wax. It is used for short-term treatment and can be purchased over-the-counter or with a prescription.
Common types of ear drops
Acid-based detergents to break up ear wax
Alcohol and acetic acid solutions to prevent swimmer's ears
Antibiotics to treat bacterial infections
Anesthetics to help numb ear pain.
Bacterial infections are sometimes treated with antibiotics (examples)
Ciprodex ear drops containing ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone
Gentisone HC ear drops containing gentamicin and hydrocortisone
Ciproxin HC ear drops containing ciprofloxacin and hydrocortisone
Sofradex ear drops containing neomycin and gramicidin (antibiotics) plus dexamethasone (a steroid)
Kenacomb ear drops, containing triamcinolone acetonide, neomycin and gramicidin (antibiotics) and nystatin (antifungal).
Earwax build-up is a common problem. It can be uncomfortable for the patient and cause hearing problems. Ear drops have been studied as a potential wax softener, after which no further treatment, such as irrigation, was required. This review provides an overview of what treatments (oil and water based drops or sprays) can help sulfur buildup.
For uncomplicated otitis media, therapy includes the appointment of ear drops with anti-inflammatory, decongestant and analgesic effects. These can be drugs with choline salicylate, phenazone, phenylephrine, benzocaine or lidocaine.In case of a pronounced inflammatory process and in the case of the development of purulent otitis media, antibacterial ear drops are used, but only a doctor should prescribe them. What should a pharmacist remember? At the stage of catarrhal otitis media (the onset of the disease), antibiotic ear drops are not prescribed. In case of rupture or damage to the membrane, it is permissible to use ear drops with rifampicin and ciprofloxacin, since they are devoid of ototoxicity. The first is used without age restrictions, and the second is used only for children over one year old. Norfloxacin ear drops are intended for the treatment of adolescents over 15 years of age and adults. Combined drugs with other antibiotics (neomycin, framycetin) and corticosteroids are contraindicated in otitis media with violation of the integrity of the tympanic membrane. With bacterial and fungal otitis media of the middle ear, drops with decamethoxin are prescribed, as well as ear drops with clotrimazole.